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Chronology
1931. April 14
The Second Spanish Republic is proclaimed, and King Alfonso XIII goes into voluntary exile
The Second Spanish Republic is proclaimed, and King Alfonso XIII goes into voluntary exile
1932. September 9
The new Republic recognises Catalan self-government and approves the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia
The new Republic recognises Catalan self-government and approves the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia
1933.
For the first time, women can vote in Spain
For the first time, women can vote in Spain
1934. October 6
Lluís Companys, president of the Generalitat, or Government of Catalonia, proclaims the Catalan State within the Spanish Federal Republic. The Spanish Government sends in the army to intervene and imprisons the members of the Catalan Government
Lluís Companys, president of the Generalitat, or Government of Catalonia, proclaims the Catalan State within the Spanish Federal Republic. The Spanish Government sends in the army to intervene and imprisons the members of the Catalan Government
1936. July 18
Military coup d'état against the Republic
Military coup d'état against the Republic
1936. August 8
A Committee of Non-Intervention in the Spanish Civil War is established in London
A Committee of Non-Intervention in the Spanish Civil War is established in London
1936. February 16
The Front d'Esquerres de Catalunya (Left Front of Catalonia) wins the elections. The Generalitat is restored and President Companys is freed
The Front d'Esquerres de Catalunya (Left Front of Catalonia) wins the elections. The Generalitat is restored and President Companys is freed
1936. July 19
With the support of the people, who take to the streets, the uprising is thwarted in Barcelona and other Spanish cities. The Spanish Civil War begins
With the support of the people, who take to the streets, the uprising is thwarted in Barcelona and other Spanish cities. The Spanish Civil War begins
1937. May 3-7
In Barcelona, the so-called "Events of May 1937", armed confrontations amongst different anti-fascist forces in Catalonia, take place
In Barcelona, the so-called "Events of May 1937", armed confrontations amongst different anti-fascist forces in Catalonia, take place
1938. March 16-18
Barcelona suffers the most violent raids by Nazi German and Fascist Italian air forces supporting Franco. Some 140 Catalan towns are bombed and around 4,700 people are killed.
Barcelona suffers the most violent raids by Nazi German and Fascist Italian air forces supporting Franco. Some 140 Catalan towns are bombed and around 4,700 people are killed.
1939. September 1
Beginning of World War Two
Beginning of World War Two
1939. April 1
End of the Spanish Civil War
End of the Spanish Civil War
1939. January 26
Franco's troops enter Barcelona. Harsh repression begins against those who had defended the legitimacy of the Republic, and thousands flee towards France. Nearly 500,000 go into exile.
Franco's troops enter Barcelona. Harsh repression begins against those who had defended the legitimacy of the Republic, and thousands flee towards France. Nearly 500,000 go into exile.
1941-1945
Around 10,000 Spanish republicans are interned in Nazi camps
Around 10,000 Spanish republicans are interned in Nazi camps
1944. June 6
The Allied landing in Normandy. The liberation of western Europe from the Nazis begins
The Allied landing in Normandy. The liberation of western Europe from the Nazis begins
1944. August 25
Paris is liberated from Nazi occupation. Catalan and Spanish republicans are amongst the forces of liberation
Paris is liberated from Nazi occupation. Catalan and Spanish republicans are amongst the forces of liberation
1945. September 2
End of World War Two
End of World War Two
1951. March
The people of Barcelona boycott the tram service to protest against rising ticket costs. This is the first citizen demonstration against the Franco regime
The people of Barcelona boycott the tram service to protest against rising ticket costs. This is the first citizen demonstration against the Franco regime
1960. May 19
During a concert at the Palau de la Música, the audience sings "El Cant de la Senyera", a hymn banned by the Franco regime due to its Catalan nationalist connotations.
During a concert at the Palau de la Música, the audience sings "El Cant de la Senyera", a hymn banned by the Franco regime due to its Catalan nationalist connotations.
1966. March 9
The Democratic Union of University of Barcelona Students is founded at the Monastery of Els Caputxins de Sarrià. During the constituent assembly (known as the "Caputxinada"), the police intervene and make numerous arrests.
The Democratic Union of University of Barcelona Students is founded at the Monastery of Els Caputxins de Sarrià. During the constituent assembly (known as the "Caputxinada"), the police intervene and make numerous arrests.
1971. November 7
The Assembly of Catalonia is founded in Barcelona, providing an umbrella organisation for Catalan political and social opposition to the Franco dictatorship
The Assembly of Catalonia is founded in Barcelona, providing an umbrella organisation for Catalan political and social opposition to the Franco dictatorship
1974. March 2
The Franco dictatorship assassinates the militant libertarian Salvador Puig Antich, executing him at the garrote. A great social mobilisation against the death penalty ensues
The Franco dictatorship assassinates the militant libertarian Salvador Puig Antich, executing him at the garrote. A great social mobilisation against the death penalty ensues
1975. November 20
Having ruled with an iron fist throughout the long years of the dictatorship, General Francisco Franco dies
Having ruled with an iron fist throughout the long years of the dictatorship, General Francisco Franco dies
1976. February 1 and 8
First major demonstrations in Barcelona following the death of the dictator Francisco Franco. Demonstrators call for an amnesty for political prisoners, human rights and national freedoms for Catalonia
First major demonstrations in Barcelona following the death of the dictator Francisco Franco. Demonstrators call for an amnesty for political prisoners, human rights and national freedoms for Catalonia
1977. June 15
First elections in Spain after the end of the Franco dictatorship
First elections in Spain after the end of the Franco dictatorship
1977. September 11
One million Catalans attend a rally in Barcelona to call for the Catalan Statute of Autonomy
One million Catalans attend a rally in Barcelona to call for the Catalan Statute of Autonomy
1977. October 23
The Government of Catalonia is restored
The Government of Catalonia is restored
1979. April 3
First municipal elections in Spain after the death of Franco
First municipal elections in Spain after the death of Franco
1980. March 20
First elections to the Catalan Parliament after the restoration of democracy in Spain
First elections to the Catalan Parliament after the restoration of democracy in Spain
